Secure OTA Firmware Update Architecture for IoT Devices (2026)
A secure OTA firmware update architecture for IoT fleets: SUIT/RFC 9019 manifests, A/B partitions, delta updates, secure boot, rollback, and staged rollout.
Software-Defined Manufacturing: The Virtual PLC and Container-Based Control in 2026
Why software-defined manufacturing and the virtual PLC are reshaping the plant floor in 2026: containerized control, real-time Linux, IEC 61499, and vendor moves.
NAMUR Open Architecture (NOA): A Hands-On Second-Channel Monitoring Setup (2026)
A hands-on NAMUR Open Architecture (NOA) tutorial: the second monitoring channel, verification of request, a read-only OPC UA diode, and edge analytics without touching the DCS.
IEC 61499 vs IEC 61131-3: Distributed Control for Industry 4.0 (2026)
IEC 61499 vs IEC 61131-3 compared: event-driven function blocks vs scan-cycle PLC logic, portability, distribution, tooling, and a decision matrix for modern control.
Ethernet-APL Reference Architecture: Two-Wire Ethernet for Process Automation (2026)
An Ethernet-APL reference architecture for process plants: 10BASE-T1L physical layer, power over two wires, intrinsic safety zones, switches, and OPC UA field integration.
Module Type Package (MTP) Reference Architecture for Modular Process Automation (2026)
A reference architecture for Module Type Package (MTP): the VDI/VDE/NAMUR 2658 model, MTP services, POL orchestration, and how modular automation decouples equipment from the DCS.
W3C Web of Things (WoT) Reference Architecture for Industrial IoT (2026)
A reference architecture for the W3C Web of Things: Thing Descriptions, the four building blocks, protocol bindings, and how WoT unifies fragmented IoT without replacing your stack.
SCADA vs OPC vs IoT Platform vs Data Historian (2026)
SCADA vs OPC vs IoT platform vs data historian in 2026: what each layer does, where they overlap, and a decision matrix for your industrial data architecture.
Industrial Machine Vision Defect Detection: Edge AI 2026
A reference architecture for industrial machine vision defect detection: edge AI inference, camera-to-PLC pipelines, model training, and MLOps on the factory floor.
Physical AI on the Factory Floor: The 2026 Inflection
Why physical AI - foundation models for robots and machines - is reaching the factory floor in 2026: VLA models, humanoids, simulation, and the deployment reality.